Derivatives are classied at FVTPL, unless they are classied as a hedging
instrument and the eective part of the hedge is recognized in “Other
comprehensive income”.
Fair value for nancial assets and nancial liabilities is determined in the
manner described in note 27.
Impairment of nancial assets
Financial assets, except those classied at fair value through prot and loss
(FVTPL), are subject to impairment for expected credit losses. In addition, the
impairment model applies to contract assets, loan commitments and nancial
guarantees that are not measured at FVTPL. The IFRS 9 expected credit loss (ECL)
model is forward looking and a loss allowance is recognized when there is an
exposure to credit risk, usually at rst recognition of an asset or receivable. The
ECL reects the present value of all cash shortfalls related to default events either
over the following 12 months or over the expected life of a nancial instrument,
depending on the type of asset and on the credit deterioration from inception.
The ECL reects an unbiased, probability-weighted outcome that considers mul-
tiple scenarios based on reasonable and supportable forecasts.
The simplied model is applied on trade receivables, lease receivables, con-
tract assets and certain other nancial receivables. A loss allowance is recog-
nized over the expected lifetime of the receivable or asset. For other items sub-
ject to ECL, the impairment model with a three-stage approach is applied. Ini-
tially, and at each reporting date, a loss allowance will be recognized for the
following 12 months, or a shorter time period depending on the time to matu-
rity (stage 1). If it has been a signicant increase in credit risk since origination,
a loss allowance will be recognized for the remaining lifetime of the asset
(stage 2). For assets that are considered as credit impaired, allowance for credit
losses will continue to capture the lifetime expected credit losses (stage 3). For
credit impaired receivables and assets, the interest revenue is calculated based
on the carrying amount of the asset, net of the loss allowance, rather than its
gross carrying amount as in previous stages.
In the respective model applied, the measurement of ECL is based on dier-
ent methods for dierent credit risk exposures. For trade receivables, contract
assets and certain other nancial receivables, the method is based on historical
loss rates in combination with forward looking considerations. Lease receiv-
ables, certain other nancial receivables and cash and cash equivalent are
impaired by a rating method, where ECL is measured by the product of the
probability of default, loss given default, and exposure at default. Both external
credit agencies rating and internally developed rating methods are applied.
The measurement of ECL considers potential collaterals and other credit
enhancements in the form of guarantees.
The nancial assets are presented in the nancial statements at amortized
cost, i.e. net of gross carrying amount and the loss allowance. Changes in the
loss allowance is recognized in prot or loss, as impairment losses within the
line cost of sales.
Derivatives and hedge accounting
Derivatives are initially recognized at fair value on the date a derivative con-
tract is entered into and are subsequently measured at fair value. The method
of recognizing the resulting gain or loss depends on whether the derivative is
designated as a hedging instrument, and if so, the nature of the item hedged.
Changes in fair value for derivatives that do not fulll the criteria for hedge
accounting are recognized as operating or nancial transactions based on the
purpose of the use of the derivative. Interest payments for interest rate swaps
are recognized as interest income or expense, whereas changes in fair value of
future payments are presented as gains or losses from nancial instruments.
IFRS 9 Hedge accounting is applied. In order to qualify for hedge accounting
the hedging relationship must be:
• formally identied and designated,
• expected to full the eectiveness requirements, and
• documented.
The Group assesses, evaluates, and documents eectiveness both at hedge
inception and on an ongoing basis. Hedge eectiveness is assessed by an anal-
ysis of the economic relationship between the hedged item and the hedging
instrument, and the eect of credit risk must not dominate the value changes’
that result from that economic relationship. Further, the hedge ratio, as
dened in the Group´s risk management strategy, must be the same in the
hedging relationship as in the actually hedge performed.
Cash ow hedges: Changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument are rec-
ognized in “Other comprehensive income” to the extent that the hedge is
eective and the accumulated changes in fair value are recognized as a sepa-
rate component in equity. Gains or losses relating to the ineective part of
hedges are recognized immediately in prot or loss.
The amount recognized in equity through “Other comprehensive income”
is reversed to prot or loss in the same period in which the hedged item aects
prot or loss. When the hedged forecast transaction results in the recognition
of a non-nancial asset or a non-nancial liability, the amount previously rec-
ognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity is trans-
ferred from equity and included in the initial measurement of the cost of the
non-nancial asset or liability. The Group uses foreign currency forwards to
hedge part of the future cash ows from forecasted transactions in foreign
currencies. Interest rate swaps can also be used as cash ow hedges for hedg-
ing interest on borrowings with variable interest.
Hedge of net investments in foreign operations: The Group hedges a substan-
tial part of net investments in foreign operations. Changes in the value of the
hedge instrument relating to the eective portion of the hedge are recog-
nized in “Other comprehensive income” and accumulated in equity. Gains or
losses relating to the ineective portion are recognized immediately in prot
or loss. On divestment of foreign operations, the gain or loss accumulated in
equity is recycled through prot or loss, increasing or decreasing the prot or
loss on the divestment. The Group uses loans and forward contracts as hedg-
ing instruments.
Accounting for discontinuation of hedges: Hedge accounting may not be
voluntarily discontinued. Hedge accounting is discontinued:
• when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised,
• when there is no longer an economic relationship between the hedged
item and the hedging instrument or the eect of credit risk dominates the
value changes that result from the economic relationship, or
• when the hedge accounting no longer meets the risk management
objectives.
For cash ow hedges, any gain or loss recognized in “Other comprehensive
income” and accumulated in equity at the time of hedge discontinuation
remains in equity and is recognized when the forecast transaction is ultimately
recognized in prot or loss. When a forecast transaction is no longer expected
to occur, the gain or loss accumulated in equity is recognized immediately in
prot or loss. For net investment hedges, any gain and loss recognized in “Other
comprehensive income” and accumulated in equity at the time of hedge dis-
continuation remains in equity until divestment of foreign operations, when
the gain or loss accumulated in equity is recycled through prot or loss.
Assets held for sale
Assets are classied as held for sale if their value, within one year, will be
recovered through a sale and not through continued use in the operations.
On the reclassication date, assets and liabilities are measured at the lower
of fair value less selling expenses and the carrying amount. Gains and losses
recognized on remeasurement and disposal are reported in prot or loss. In
the balance sheet assets held for sale and associated liabilities are reported
separately, the comparative period is not aected.
Contingent liabilities
A contingent liability is a possible obligation or a present obligation that arises
from past events that is not reported as a liability or provision, due either to that
it is not probable that an outow of resources will be required to settle the obli-
gation or that a suciently reliable calculation of the amount cannot be made.
New or amended accounting standards in 2021
The following new or amended IFRS standards have been applied by the
Group from 2021, with none, or no material impact on the Group.
Leases Covid-19 Related Rent Concessions beyond 30 June 2021
(Amendment to IFRS 16)
The amendment provided relief to lessees from applying IFRS 16 guidance on
lease modication accounting for rent concessions arising as a direct conse-
quence of the Covid-19 pandemic. As a practical expedient, a lessee may elect
not to assess whether a Covid-19 related rent concession from a lessor is a lease
modication. A lessee that made this election accounted for any change in
lease payments resulting from Covid-19 related rent concession in the same
way as it would account for the change under IFRS 16 if the change was not a
lease modication. The IASB extended the period of application of the practi-
cal expedient to June 30, 2022.
Interest Rate Benchmark Reform – Phase 2 (Amendments to IFRS 9,
IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16)
The amendments to IFRS 9 introduce a practical expedient if a modication of
contractual cash ows of a nancial asset or a nancial liability is necessary as a
direct consequence of the IBOR reform and occurs on an “economically equiv-
alent” basis. In those cases, changes will be accounted for by updating the
eective interest rate. The amendments to IFRS 16 introduce a similar practical
expedient when accounting for lease modications required by the IBOR
reform. The practical expedient allows a remeasurement of the lease liability
by using the revised discount rate. The amount of the remeasurement is recog-
nized as an adjustment to the right-of-use asset.
Conguration or Customization Costs in a Cloud Computing Arrangement
(IAS 38)
In April 2021, International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee
(IFRS IC) published an agenda decision on accounting for cloud computing
costs. The new guidance addresses conguration and customization costs on a
supplier’s application in a cloud arrangement. The agenda decision should be
1. Signicant accounting principles, critical accounting estimates and judgements, continued
Atlas Copco 2021 73
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – NOTES
INTRODUCTION THIS IS ATLAS COPCO THE YEAR IN REVIEW FINANCIALS OTHER INFORMATION
FINANCIALS
Group
Consolidated income statement
Consolidated statement of
comprehensive income
Consolidated balance sheet
Consolidated statement
of changes in equity
Consolidated statement
of cash ows
• Notes
Parent company